Sunan Abi Dawud 2966
Tribute, Spoils, and Rulership (Kitab Al-Kharaj, Wal-Fai' Wal-Imarah)
Regarding Allocating A Special Portion For The Messenger Of Allah (ﷺ) From Wealth
Narrated Al-Zuhri: 'Umar said explaining the verse: "What Allah has bestowed on His Messenger (and taken away) from them - for this ye made no expedition with either cavalry or camelry" this belonged specially to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ): lands of 'Urainah, Fadak, and so-and-so. What Allah as bestowed on His Messenger (and taken away) from the people of the townships - belong to Allah - to the Messenger, and to kindred and orphans, the needy and the wayfarer, to the indigent emigrants, those who were expelled from their homes and their property, and to those who, before them, had homes (in Medina), and had adopted the faith, and to those who came after them. This verse completely covered all the people ; they remained no one from Muslims but he had his right in it, or share (according to Ayyub's version) except the slaves.