Al-Adab al-Mufrad

The qisas (retaliation) of the slave

'Ammar ibn Yasir said, "None of you beats his slave unjustly without the slave receiving retaliation from him on the Day of Rising."

The qisas (retaliation) of the slave

Abu Layla said, "Salman went out and when his animal fodder fell from the manger, he told his servant, 'If it were not that I fear retaliation, I would make you hurt (i.e. by beating you)."

The qisas (retaliation) of the slave

Abu Hurayra reported that the Prophet, (ﷺ), said, "Give people their rights. Even the hornless sheep will take retaliation from the horned sheep."

The qisas (retaliation) of the slave

Umm Salama reported that the Prophet, (ﷺ), was in his house and called for a slave of his (or hers) and she was slow in coming. The anger showed in his face. Umm Salama went to the curtain and found the slavegirl playing. He had a siwak-stick with him and said, '"Were it not that I fear retaliation on the Day of Rising with this siwak."

The qisas (retaliation) of the slave

Abu Hurayra reported that the Messenger of Allah, (ﷺ), said, "On the Day of Rising, retaliation will be taken from anyone who gives a beating."

The qisas (retaliation) of the slave

same as 185.

"Clothe them from the clothes you yourself wear."

'Ubada ibn al-Walid said, "My father and I went out to seek knowledge from the Ansar in this area before they died. The first one we met was Abu'l-Yasar, the Companion of the Prophet, (ﷺ), who had one of his slaves with him. Abu'l-Yasar was wearing one striped robe and one mu'afiri robe and his slave was also wearing one striped robe and one mu'afiri robe. I said to him, 'Uncle! Why don't you take your slave's striped robe and give him your mu'afiri robe, or take his mu'afiri robe and give him your striped robe? Then he would have a complete outfit and you would have a complete outfit.' He wiped his head and said, 'O Allah, bless him in it! Nephew, these two eyes of mine have seen and these two ears of mine have heard and my heart has retained,' and he pointed towards his heart, 'that the Prophet, (ﷺ), said, "Feed them from what you yourself eat and clothe them from the clothes you yourself wear." It is easier for me to give him the goods of this world than to have my good actions taken away from me on the Day of Rising.'"

"Clothe them from the clothes you yourself wear."

Jabir ibn 'Abdullah said, "The Prophet, (ﷺ), advised that slaves should be well-treated. He said, 'Feed them from what you eat and clothe them from what you wear. Do not punish what Allah has created.'"

Insulting slaves

Al-Ma'rur ibn Suwayd said, "I saw Abu Dharr wearing a robe and his slave was also wearing a robe. We asked him about that and he said, 'I insulted a man and he complained about me to the Prophet, (ﷺ), and the Prophet, (ﷺ), said to me, 'Did you insult him by his mother?' 'Yes,' I replied. He said, 'Your brothers are your property. Allah has put them under your authority. If someone has his brother under his authority, he should feed him from what he eats and clothe him from what he wears and not burden him with anything that will be too much for him. If you burden him with what will be too much for him, then help him.'"

Should a person help his slave?

Sallam ibn 'Amr reported from one of the Companions of the Prophet, (ﷺ), said, "Your slaves are your brothers, so treat him well. Ask for their help in what is too much for you and help them in what is too much for them."

Should a person help his slave?

Abu Hurayra said, 'Help the worker in his work. The one who works for Allah will not be disappointed," i.e. the servant.

Do not burden a slave with work which he is incapable

Abu Hurayra reported that the Prophet, (ﷺ), said, "The slave has his food and clothing. Do not burden a slave with work which he is incapable of doing."

Do not burden a slave with work which he is incapable

Same as 192.

Do not burden a slave with work which he is incapable

Ma'rur said, "We passed by Abu Dharr and he was wearing a garment and his slave had a robe on. We said, 'Why do you not take this and give this man something else instead of the robe?' He replied that the Prophet, (ﷺ), said, 'Allah has put your brothers under your authority. If someone has his brother under his authority, he should feed him from what he eats and clothe him from what he wears and not burden him with what will be too much for him. If he burdens him with what will be too much for him, he should help him.'"

A man's maintenance of his slave and servant is

Al-Miqdam heard the Prophet, (ﷺ), say, "What you feed yourself is sadaqa. What you feed your child, your wife and your servant is sadaqa."

A man's maintenance of his slave and servant is

Abu Hurayra reported that the Messenger of Allah, (ﷺ), said, "The best sadaqa is that which leaves you free of want. The upper hand is better than the lower hand. Begin with those you look after. Your wife says, 'Spend on me or divorce me.' Your slave says, 'Spend on me or sell me.' Your child asks, 'On whom can we rely?'"

A man's maintenance of his slave and servant is

Abu Hurayra said, "The Prophet, (ﷺ), commanded sadaqa. A man said, 'I have a dinar.' He said, 'Spend it on yourself.' He said, 'I have another.' He said, 'Spend it on your wife.' He said, 'I have another.' He said, 'Spend it on your servant and then on whomever you see fit.'"

When someone dislikes eating with his slave

Ibn Jurayj related that Abu'z-Zubayr heard him ask Jabir about when a man's servant has finished his work and heat (i.e. cooking). Did the Prophet, (ﷺ), command that the servant be invited to eat? "Yes," he replied. If one of you dislikes to have his servant eat with him, he should give him his food by his own hand.'"

A slave should eat from what his master eats

Jabir ibn 'Abdullah said, "The Messenger of Allah, (ﷺ), advised that slaves be well treated. He said, 'Feed them from what you eat and clothe them from what you wear and do not punish Allah's creation.'"

Does a man's servant sit with him when he eats?

Abu Hurayra reported that the Prophet, (ﷺ), said, "When one of your servants brings you food, he should sit with him. If you do not accept that, then you should give it to him.'"

Does a man's servant sit with him when he eats?

Abu Mahdhura said, "I was sitting with 'Umar when Safwan ibn Umayya brought him a bowl which some people were carrying in a robe. They set it down in front of 'Umar. 'Umar then invited some poor people and some slaves belonging to the people around him and they ate with him. Then he aid, 'Allah will do a people - or else he said, 'Allah will curse a people' - who dislike having their slaves eat with them.' Safwan said, 'By Allah, we do not dislike them, but we prefer ourselves to them, and by Allah, we do not find good food which we can eat and feed it to them as well.'"

When a slave advises his master

'Abdullah ibn 'Umar reported that the Messenger of Allah, (ﷺ), said, "When the slave advises his master and is assiduous in the worship of his Lord, he receives a double reward."

When a slave advises his master

Salih ibn Hayy reported that a man said to 'Amir ash-Shu'bi, "Abu 'Amr! We say that when a man frees his umm walad and then marries her, he is like the one who rides his camel." 'Amir said, "Abu Burda related to me from his father that the Messenger of Allah, (ﷺ), said to them: 'Three have a double reward: one of the People of the Book who believes in his Prophet (ﷺ) and then believes in Muhammad has two rewards. When a slave carries out the due of Allah and the due of his master, he has a double reward. And (the third is) a man who has a slavegirl with whom he has intercourse and teaches her well and instructs her well and then sets her free and marries her. He has two rewards.'"

When a slave advises his master

Abu Musa reported that the Messenger of Allah, (ﷺ), said, "The slave who is excellent in the worship of his Lord and fulfils the duties of obedience and counsel which he owes to his master, has two rewards."

When a slave advises his master

Abu Burda reported from his father that the Messenger of Allah, (ﷺ), said, "The slave has two rewards when he carries out Allah's due in worship (or he said that he is excellent in his worship) and the right of his owner who owns him."