بُلُوغُ الْمَرَامِ

Bulugh al-Maram

Ibn Hajar al-‘Asqalani (d. 852 AH)

The Book of Purification

Vitabu vyote

Utensils

وَعَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ رَضِيَ الْلَّهُ عَنْهُمَا؛ { أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-وَأَصْحَابَهُ تَوَضَّئُوا مِنْ مَزَادَةِ اِمْرَأَةٍ مُشْرِكَةٍ.‏ } مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ، فِي حَدِيثٍ طَوِيلٍ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated ‘Imran bin Hussain (rad): The Prophet (ﷺ) and his Companions performed Wudu (ablution) from a skin water container belonging to a polytheist woman [Agreed upon]. (It is an extract of a long Hadith).

Utensils

وَعَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- { أَنَّ قَدَحَ النَّبِيِّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-اِنْكَسَرَ، فَاتَّخَذَ مَكَانَ الشَّعْبِ سِلْسِلَةً مِنْ فِضَّةٍ.‏ } أَخْرَجَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated Anas bin Malik: Narrated Anas bin Malik (rad): When the cup of the Prophet (ﷺ) got broken, he fixed it with a silver wire at the crack [Reported by Al-Bukhari].

The Cleansing of Najasah and its nature

عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- قَالَ: { سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-عَنْ اَلْخَمْرِ تُتَّخَذُ خَلًّا? قَالَ: لَا .‏ } أَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِم ٌ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated Anas bin Malik (rad): Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) was asked about making vinegar out of wine. He said, “No (it is prohibited)”. [Reported by Muslim, and At-Tirmidhi and the latter graded it Hasan-Sahih (fair and sound)].

The Cleansing of Najasah and its nature

وَعَنْهُ قَالَ: { لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ خَيْبَرَ, أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-أَبَا طَلْحَةَ, فَنَادَى: إِنَّ اَللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ يَنْهَيَانِكُمْ عَنْ لُحُومِ اَلْحُمُرِ]اَلْأَهْلِيَّةِ], فَإِنَّهَا رِجْسٌ } مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْه ِ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated Anas bin Malik (rad): On the day of Khaibair, Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) commanded Abu Talha to announce: “Allah and His Messenger have prohibited for you (eating of) the flesh of the donkeys, for it is unclean”. [Agreed upon].

The Cleansing of Najasah and its nature

وَعَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ خَارِجَةَ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- قَالَ: { خَطَبَنَا رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-بِمِنًى, وَهُوَ عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ, وَلُعَابُهَا يَسِيلُ عَلَى كَتِفَيَّ.‏ } أَخْرَجَهُ أَحْمَدُ, وَاَلتِّرْمِذِيُّ وَصَحَّحَه ُ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated ‘Amr bin Kharija (rad): Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) delivered a Khutba (religious talk) to us at Mina while mounted on his camel and its saliva was pouring on my shoulders [Reported by Ahmad and At-Trimidhi and the latter graded it Sahih (sound)].

The Cleansing of Najasah and its nature

وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهَا, قَالَتْ: { كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-يَغْسِلُ اَلْمَنِيَّ, ثُمَّ يَخْرُجُ إِلَى اَلصَّلَاةِ فِي ذَلِكَ اَلثَّوْبِ, وَأَنَا أَنْظُرُ إِلَى أَثَرِ اَلْغُسْلِ فِيهِ } مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْه ِ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated ‘Aisha (rad): Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) used to wash the semen and then go out for prayer in that (very) garment and I could still see the trace of the washing on it. [Agreed upon]

The Cleansing of Najasah and its nature

وَلِمُسْلِمٍ: { لَقَدْ كُنْتُ أَفْرُكُهُ مِنْ ثَوْبٍ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-فَرْكًا, فَيُصَلِّي فِيهِ } [1]‏ .‏

In the version of Muslim: “I used to scrape it (the semen) off the garment of Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) and then he offered prayer with it.

The Cleansing of Najasah and its nature

وَفِي لَفْظٍ لَهُ: { لَقَدْ كُنْتُ أَحُكُّهُ يَابِسًا بِظُفُرِي مِنْ ثَوْبِهِ } [1]‏ .‏

In yet another version of Muslim: Verily! I (‘Aisha) used to scrape it (the semen) off his garment with my nails while it was dry.

The Cleansing of Najasah and its nature

وَعَنْ أَبِي اَلسَّمْحِ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- قَالَ: قَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-{ يُغْسَلُ مِنْ بَوْلِ اَلْجَارِيَةِ, وَيُرَشُّ مِنْ بَوْلِ اَلْغُلَامِ } أَخْرَجَهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ, وَالنَّسَائِيُّ, وَصَحَّحَهُ اَلْحَاكِم ُ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated Abu As-Samh (rad): Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) said: “The urine of a baby girl should be washed off and the urine of baby boy should be sprinkled (with water)”. [Reported by Abu Da’ud and An-Nasa’i and Al-Hakim graded it Sahih (sound)].

The Cleansing of Najasah and its nature

وَعَنْ أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا; أَنَّ اَلنَّبِيَّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-قَالَ ‏-فِي دَمِ اَلْحَيْضِ يُصِيبُ اَلثَّوْبَ‏-: { تَحُتُّهُ, ثُمَّ تَقْرُصُهُ بِالْمَاءِ, ثُمَّ تَنْضَحُهُ, ثُمَّ تُصَلِّي فِيهِ } مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْه ِ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated ‘Asma bint Abu Bakr (rad): The Prophet (Saw) said regarding menstruation blood that smears a garment, “She should scrape it, rub it with water, then wash it and then she may pray in it”. [Agreed upon]

The Cleansing of Najasah and its nature

وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- قَالَ: قَالَتْ خَوْلَةُ: { يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ, فَإِنْ لَمْ يَذْهَبْ اَلدَّمُ? قَالَ: يَكْفِيكِ اَلْمَاءُ, وَلَا يَضُرُّكِ أَثَرُهُ } أَخْرَجَهُ اَلتِّرْمِذِيُّ, وَسَنَدُهُ ضَعِيف ٌ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated Abu Huraira (rad): Khaula said, “O Messenger of Allah, suppose the (trace of) the blood does not go?” He said, “(Washing it with) water will suffice you and its trace won’t harm you”. [Reported by At Tirmidhi, and its Sanad (chain of narrators) is weak].

Ablution (Wudu)

عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- عَنْ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-قَالَ: { لَوْلَا أَنْ أَشُقَّ عَلَى أُمَّتِي لَأَمَرْتُهُمْ بِالسِّوَاكِ مَعَ كُلِّ وُضُوءٍ } أَخْرَجَهُ مَالِكٌ, وأَحْمَدُ, وَالنَّسَائِيُّ, وَصَحَّحَهُ اِبْنُ خُزَيْمَة َ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated Abu Huraira (rad): Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) said “Had I not feared burdening my Ummah, I would have commanded them to use Siwak with every ablution.” [Reported by Malik, Ahmad and An-Nasai. Ibn Khuzaima graded it Sahih (sound) and Al-Bukhari mentioned as a Mu’allaq (suspended – without its chain of narrators).

Ablution (Wudu)

وَعَنْ حُمْرَانَ; { أَنَّ عُثْمَانَ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- دَعَا بِوَضُوءٍ, فَغَسَلَ كَفَّيْهِ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ, ثُمَّ مَضْمَضَ, وَاسْتَنْشَقَ, وَاسْتَنْثَرَ, ثُمَّ غَسَلَ وَجْهَهُ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ, ثُمَّ غَسَلَ يَدَهُ اَلْيُمْنَى إِلَى اَلْمِرْفَقِِ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ, ثُمَّ اَلْيُسْرَى مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ, ثُمَّ مَسَحَ بِرَأْسِهِ, ثُمَّ غَسَلَ رِجْلَهُ اَلْيُمْنَى إِلَى اَلْكَعْبَيْنِ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ, ثُمَّ اَلْيُسْرَى مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ, ثُمَّ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ تَوَضَّأَ نَحْوَ وُضُوئِي هَذَا.‏ } مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْه ِ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated Humran, the manumitted slave of Uthman: Uthman (rad) called for water to perform ablution. He washed palms of his hands three times, then rinsed his mouth and sniffed water in his nose and then blew it out. He then washed his face three times. Thereafter he washed his right hand up to his elbow three times, then the left one likewise, then he passed wet hands on his head. Then he washed his right foot up to the ankle three times, then the left one likewise. He then said, “I saw Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) performing ablution like this ablution of mine”. [Agreed upon]

Ablution (Wudu)

وَعَنْ عَلِيٍّ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- ‏-فِي صِفَةِ وُضُوءِ اَلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ‏- قَالَ: { وَمَسَحَ بِرَأْسِهِ وَاحِدَةً.‏ } أَخْرَجَهُ أَبُو دَاوُد َ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated ‘Ali (rad) regarding the description of the ablution of the Prophet (ﷺ): He (the Prophet) wiped his head (with water) only once. [Reported by Abu Da’ud, An-Nasa’i, AtTirmidhi with a Sahih Sanad (authentic chain of narrators). At-Tirmidhi said, “It’s the most Hadith on this subject”].

Ablution (Wudu)

وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ عَاصِمٍ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- ‏-فِي صِفَةِ اَلْوُضُوءِ‏- قَالَ: { وَمَسَحَ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-بِرَأْسِهِ, فَأَقْبَلَ بِيَدَيْهِ وَأَدْبَرَ.‏ } مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْه ِ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated ‘Abdullah bin Zaid bin ‘Aasim (rad) describing the nature of ablution performance: Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) wiped his head from the forehead to the back of his head and then back to the forehead with his (wet) hands. [ Agreed upon ].

Ablution (Wudu)

وَفِي لَفْظٍ: { بَدَأَ بِمُقَدَّمِ رَأْسِهِ, حَتَّى ذَهَبَ بِهِمَا إِلَى قَفَاهُ, ثُمَّ رَدَّهُمَا إِلَى اَلْمَكَانِ اَلَّذِي بَدَأَ مِنْهُ } [1]‏ .‏

In another narration by al-Bukhari and Muslim: "He started with the front of his head, moved them (his hands) to the nape of his neck, and then returned them to the place where he started."

Ablution (Wudu)

وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا ‏-فِي صِفَةِ اَلْوُضُوءِ‏- قَالَ: { ثُمَّ مَسَحَ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-بِرَأْسِهِ, وَأَدْخَلَ إِصْبَعَيْهِ اَلسَّبَّاحَتَيْنِ فِي أُذُنَيْهِ, وَمَسَحَ بِإِبْهَامَيْهِ ظَاهِرَ أُذُنَيْهِ.‏ } أَخْرَجَهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ, وَالنَّسَائِيُّ, وَصَحَّحَهُ اِبْنُ خُزَيْمَة َ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated Abdullah bin ‘Amr (rad) regarding the description of the ablution: “Then he (Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ)) wiped his head, inserted his index finger in his ears and wiped the exterior of his ears with thumbs”. [Reported by Abu Da’ud and An-Nasa’i and Ibn Khuzaima graded it Sahih (sound)].

Ablution (Wudu)

وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-{ إِذَا اِسْتَيْقَظَ أَحَدُكُمْ مِنْ مَنَامِهِ فَلْيَسْتَنْثِرْ ثَلَاثًا, فَإِنَّ اَلشَّيْطَانَ يَبِيتُ عَلَى خَيْشُومِهِ } مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْه ِ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated Abu Huraira (rad): Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) said: “When one of you wakes up from his sleep, he must blow of his nose three times, for the Satan spends the night inside one’s nostrils” [Agreed upon].

Ablution (Wudu)

وَعَنْهُ: { إِذَا اِسْتَيْقَظَ أَحَدُكُمْ مِنْ نَوْمِهِ فَلَا يَغْمِسُ يَدَهُ فِي اَلْإِنَاءِ حَتَّى يَغْسِلَهَا ثَلَاثًا فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَدْرِي أَيْنَ بَاتَتْ يَدَهُ } مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.‏ وَهَذَا لَفْظُ مُسْلِم ٍ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated Abu Huraira (rad): Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) said: “When one of you wakes up from his sleep, he must not put his hand in a utensil till he washed it three times, for he does not know where his hand was (while he slept)”. [Agreed upon. This is Muslim’s version].

Ablution (Wudu)

وَعَنْ لَقِيطِ بْنُ صَبْرَةَ, ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-{ أَسْبِغْ اَلْوُضُوءَ, وَخَلِّلْ بَيْنَ اَلْأَصَابِعِ, وَبَالِغْ فِي اَلِاسْتِنْشَاقِ, إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ صَائِمًا } أَخْرَجَهُ اَلْأَرْبَعَةُ, وَصَحَّحَهُ اِبْنُ خُزَيْمَة َ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated Laqit bin Sabra (rad): Allah’s Mesenger (ﷺ) said: “Perform a perfect Wudu run (your fingers) through the fingers of the hands and the toes, and if not fasting, sniff water up well inside the nose”. [Reported by Al-Arba’a and Ibn Khuzaima graded it Sahih].

Ablution (Wudu)

وَلِأَبِي دَاوُدَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ: { إِذَا تَوَضَّأْتَ فَمَضْمِضْ } [1]‏ .‏

In another verson of Abu Da’ud is: “If you perform ablution rinse your mouth”.

Ablution (Wudu)

وَعَنْ عُثْمَانَ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- { أَنَّ اَلنَّبِيَّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-كَانَ يُخَلِّلُ لِحْيَتَهُ فِي اَلْوُضُوءِ } أَخْرَجَهُ اَلتِّرْمِذِيُّ, وَصَحَّحَهُ اِبْنُ خُزَيْمَة َ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated ‘Uthman (rad): While performing Wudu, the Prophet (ﷺ) would run (his fingers) through his beard. [Reported by At-Tirmidhi and Ibn Khuzaima graded it Sahih].

Ablution (Wudu)

وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- { أَنَّ اَلنَّبِيَّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-أَتَى بِثُلُثَيْ مُدٍّ, فَجَعَلَ يَدْلُكُ ذِرَاعَيْهِ } أَخْرَجَهُ أَحْمَدُ, وَصَحَّحَهُ اِبْنُ خُزَيْمَة َ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated ‘Abdullah bin Zaid (rad): Two thirds of a Mudd (of water) was brought to he Prophet (ﷺ) (for ablution) so he began rubbing his arms. [Reported by Ahmed, and Ibn Khuzaima graded it Sahih].

Ablution (Wudu)

وَعَنْهُ, { أَنَّهُ رَأَى اَلنَّبِيَّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-يَأْخُذُ لِأُذُنَيْهِ مَاءً خِلَافَ اَلْمَاءِ اَلَّذِي أَخَذَ لِرَأْسِهِ.‏ } أَخْرَجَهُ اَلْبَيْهَقِيّ ُ [1]‏ .‏

Narrated ‘Abdullah bin Zaid (rad): He saw the Prophet (ﷺ) taking some water to wipe his ears other than the water he had taken to wipe his head. [Reported by Al-Baihaqi, who said that its Isnad (chain of narrators) is authentic and At-Tirmidhi also graded it Sahih].

Ablution (Wudu)

وَهُوَ عِنْدَ مُسْلِمٍ مِنْ هَذَا اَلْوَجْهِ بِلَفْظٍ: وَمَسَحَ بِرَأْسِهِ بِمَاءٍ غَيْرَ فَضْلِ يَدَيْهِ, وَهُوَ اَلْمَحْفُوظ ُ [1]‏ .‏

And the words of the Muslim version are: “he wiped his head taking extra water from that he had taken for the washing of the hands”, and this Hadith is Al-Mahfuz.

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